
Ancient Greek Thought and Civilization Part II: The Greek Enlightenment and the Golden Age of Athens (510-399 BCE) | 2025
In this course we will continue our examination of key works and developments in the history, art, and literature of Ancient Greek civilization through the first century of the so-called “Classical Age” (c.490-323 BCE), from the end of the Peisistratid tyranny and birth of Athenian Democracy (c.514-508 BCE) and the Persian Invasions (490, 480-79 BCE) down through the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) and its immediate aftermath.
During this period, Greece’s foremost city states, Athens and Sparta, helped lead the successful defense of Greece against Persian invasions. Athens, the world’s first democracy, became the leader of the Delian League, an Anti-Persian military alliance. But the alliance soon became a maritime empire, as Athens exploited its allies and dominated the Eastern Mediterranean. At the same time, Sparta expanded its own league of allied, Greek city-states. Spartan society and government were as unique as Athens’, but with different and often diametrically-opposed values. Where Athens was the preeminent naval power in Greece, radically democratic, relatively egalitarian, and vibrantly open to trade and ideas, Sparta was a closed, hyper-elitist and militaristic aristocracy that dominated warfare on land. At the same time, the women of Athens lived highly restricted lives, while Spartan women enjoyed a far greater degree of autonomy than was typical elsewhere in the Greek world. The opposed ambitions and ideologies of these two societies and their hegemonies would ultimately plunge the entire Greek world into the ruinous Peloponnesian war (431-421, 415-404 BCE) that would scar Greece and shatter Athens’ empire.
In this course we will continue our examination of key works and developments in the history, art, and literature of Ancient Greek civilization through the first century of the so-called “Classical Age” (c.490-323 BCE), from the end of the Peisistratid tyranny and birth of Athenian Democracy (c.514-508 BCE) and the Persian Invasions (490, 480-79 BCE) down through the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) and its immediate aftermath.
This course will examine the perennially influential constitutions of Classical Athens and Sparta, survey the great events of 5th c. BCE Greece, and will explore many of the most significant and extraordinary works and ideas that survive to us from the “Golden Age of Athens”.
This is a 10-week course, with live classes each week.
Prerequisites or Corequisites: 100-level courses have “Objectivism through Ayn Rand’s Fiction” or the “Intensive Seminar on Objectivism” as a corequisite.
Ancient Greek Thought and Civilization Part I. The Archaic Era (c. 776–510 BCE) is strongly recommended for those intending to take this course, and this course is strongly recommended for those intending to take Ancient Greek Thought and Civilization Part III. The World and Ideas of Plato and his Contemporaries (c. 428-347 BCE).
Level: 100 Start Date: April 4, 2025 Live Class: Fridays, 9-11:45 am PT Quarter: Q3
Readings to be Purchased by Students
- P. Curd and R.D. McKirahan (edd.), A Presocratics Reader (Second Edition)
- Robert Fagles (trans.), Aeschylus, The Oresteia
Live Classes:
You can join the live class on Zoom using this link: Zoom Meeting Link.
(Meeting ID: 843 1065 2545 | Passcode: 159599)
Participants are strongly encouraged to attend classes live for the best experience. However, we are aware this is not always possible and recordings of live classes are posted on the course website and on the ARU App/ARI Campus website, usually within an hour or two after the conclusion of each live class. Contact aru@aynrand.org if you have any issue accessing a recording.
If you attend class live, please turn on your camera unless you are in a setting with a distracting background or your device is not on a stable surface. It makes for a much better experience for all participants when faces are visible.
Course Announcements:
ARU Discord:
Course Communication Logistics:
- Course announcements are posted in the Announcements tab of the course website and automatically emailed to all participants. Please make sure you are receiving these emails and that they are not going to your spam folder. If you join after the start of class, be sure to check the Announcements tab for anything you may have missed.
- For questions about course content, structure or schedule, please ask during the live class or in the course channel on the ARU Discord server (see the Discord tab of the course website).
- Questions about your assignments and grades should be directed to the teaching assistant.
- For personal administrative issues (e.g., website problems), email aru@aynrand.org.
- If you have a technical issue preventing submission of an assignment, email your assignment to the TA and cc aru@aynrand.org to troubleshoot the matter.
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Course Includes
- 10 Lessons
- 4 Topics
Course Faculty
Jason RheinsDr. Jason G. Rheins is a scholar of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy. In 2003 he received his BA with honors in Philosophy and Classical Studies from Stanford University.Course Announcements
Course Instructor
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